A photogram is a photographic image made without use of a camera, by placing objects directly onto the surface of a light-sensitive material, such as photographic paper, and then exposing it to light. The usual result of this is a negative shadow image that shows variations in tone that depends upon the transparency, opacity, and translucency. Areas of the paper which have recieved no light, appear white; those exposed through transparent or semi-transparent appear grey. This technique is often called 'cameraless photography'. This was used by a man named 'Man Ray' in his exploration of 'Rayographs'. Other known artists which have experimented with this technique include: László Moholy-Nagy, Christian Schad, Imogen Cunningham and Pablo Picasso. Variations of the technique have also been used for scientific purposes.
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